Download PDFOpen PDF in browserFrom Symbolic Computation to Super-Symbolic ComputationEasyChair Preprint 65596 pages•Date: September 8, 2021AbstractCurrent state of the art information technologies (IT) utilize two forms of computation namely, symbolic computation and sub-symbolic computation. Symbolic computation is performed using algorithms on data structures, which contain knowledge about a particular state of the system in the form of a sequence of symbols. Sub-symbolic computation is performed by neural networks. Biological systems also use both symbolic and sub-symbolic computations in the form of genes and neural networks. However, biological systems have evolved one step further by incorporating super-symbolic computation that performs computations on the combined knowledge from both symbolic and sub-symbolic computations to derive higher order autopoietic and cognitive behaviors. The new type of computing automata called a structural machine provides means for modeling symbolic, sub-symbolic and super-symbolic computations performed on data and knowledge structures. In this work we argue that super-symbolic computation adds one more dimension to the general schema of computations. Synthesizing it with symbolic computation and sub-symbolic computation in one model, we come to symbiotic computation. Structural machines with flexible types of processors can accomplish symbiotic computation. Symbiotic computation combines advantages of subsymbolic, symbolic and super-symbolic computations and advance the current state of the art IT with higher-order autopoietic and cognitive behaviors. Keyphrases: Information Technology, Structural Machines, Symbolic Computing, computational models, information, neural networks
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